维修电工的职责是保证各类生产机械运动中的各种类型电动机及其电气控制系统和生产、生活照明系统的正常运行。
The responsibility of maintenance electricians is to ensure the normal operation of various types of motors and their electrical control systems and production and living lighting systems in various types of production machinery.
作为一名维修电工，在工作中除了对设备及线路的合理的安装、良好的调试和日常保养与检查外，在出现故障时，能迅速查明故障原因、正确处理故障，是保证设备正常运行的重要保证。
As a maintenance electrician, in addition to reasonable installation, good debugging, and daily maintenance and inspection of equipment and circuits during work, when a fault occurs, he can quickly identify the cause of the fault and handle the fault correctly, which is to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. important guarantee.
1、设备因故障无法运行，有时会造成很大的经济损失，会影响企业的劳动效率，所以对维修电工排除故障的技能要求很高。
1. Equipment cannot operate due to malfunction, which sometimes causes great economic losses and affects the labor efficiency of the enterprise. Therefore, maintenance electricians are required to have high skills in troubleshooting.
2、对于电气故障涉及的范围广、随机性高，排除故障的技能是维修电工职业（工种）的一大特点，也对维修电工排除故障的技能提出了较高的要求。
2. Electrical faults involve a wide range and are highly random. Troubleshooting skills are a major feature of the maintenance electrician profession (type of work). It also puts forward higher requirements for maintenance electricians’ troubleshooting skills.
3、另外，无论是从职业标准、还是技能考核中，虽然排除故障的考核带有一定的偶然性，但因为它反映了维修电工一定的综合技能，体现本职业（工种）的特点，所以仍然延续着该项目的考核。并常常将故障排队的项目设为“否定项”。即如果本项考核不合格的话，则视整个考核不合格。
3. In addition, whether it is from professional standards or skill assessment, although the fault-shooting a
ssessment has a certain degree of contingency, it still continues because it reflects certain comprehensive skills of maintenance electricians and reflects the characteristics of this profession (type of work). assessment of the project. And often set the items in the fault queue as “negative items”. That is, if this assessment fails, the entire assessment will be deemed to have failed.
在实际工作中，电气故障出现的范围很广，涉及到电气系统的每一部分，并且出现的故障是千变万化的、随机的。排除故障的方式方法只能根据故障的具体情况而定，没有严格固定的模式，这对部分维修人员来说感到困惑，在排除故障的过程中往往走很多弯路，甚至造成较大损失。
In actual work, electrical faults occur in a wide range, involving every part of the electrical system, and the faults that occur are ever-changing and random. The method of troubleshooting can only be determined according to the specific situation of the fault. There is no strictly fixed mode. This is confusing to some maintenance personnel. They often take many detours in the process of troubleshooting, and even cause large losses.
要彻底排除故障，必须清楚故障发生的原因，要迅速查明故障原因，除不断在工作中积累经验外，更重要的是能从理论上分析、解释产生故障的原因，即“知其然，还要知其所以然”，用理论指导自己的操作，灵活运用排队故障的各种方法。
To completely eliminate the fault, we must know the cause of the fault and quickly identify the cause. In addition to constantly accumulating experience at work, more importantly, we must be able to analyze and explain the cause of the fault theoretically, that is, “know it, You also need to know why,” use theory to guide your operations, and flexibly use various methods of queuing faults.
1、有一定的专业理论知识。很多电气现象，必须领先专业理论知识才能真正弄懂、弄通。维修电工与其他工种比较而言，理论性更强，有时候没有理论的指导，很多工作根本无法进行。
1. Have certain professional theoretical knowledge. Many electrical phenomena require advanced professional theoretical knowledge to truly understand and understand them. Compared with other types of work, maintenance electricians are more theoretical. Sometimes without theoretical guidance, many tasks cannot be performed at all.
实际工作中，往往动脑筋的时间比动手的时间还长，一但找出故障点，修复是比较简单的。要复习有关“自控原理”的一些基本概念，和系统工作原理，做到较好的理解和掌握。
In actual work, it often takes longer to use your brain than to do it. Once the fault point is found, it is relatively simple to repair it. It is necessary to review some basic concepts about the “automatic control principle” and the working principles of the system to achieve a better understanding and mastery.
例如，白炽灯串入二极管后能大大延长灯泡的使用寿命时，就要用到温度的变化与电阻值的关系的概念等。不具有一定的专业知识，就不能做到对某些问题的真正理解和掌握。
For example, when stringing incandescent lamps with diodes can greatly extend the service life of the lamp, the concept of the relationship between temperature changes and resistance values must be used. Without certain professional knowledge, it is impossible to truly understand and master certain issues.
2、了解设备的运动形式，对电气提出的要求，弄懂并熟练掌握设备的电气工作原理，熟练掌握电气工作原理，并比较该设备的电气控制特点，是排除故障非常重要的基础。
2. Understand the movement form of the equipment, the electrical requirements, understand and master the electrical working principle of the equipment, master the electrical working principle proficiently, and compare the electrical control characteristics of the equipment, which is a very important basis for troubleshooting.
熟悉掌握设备复合控制系统和电气控制技术的主要内容，了解其典型性、综合性与复杂性。真正掌握典型设备的系统排除故障的技能，遇到其他设备就能举一反三。系统出现故障时，往往牵扯到较大的范围，不掌握该设备的电气工作原理，就不能较好的排除故障，甚至排除不了故障。
Be familiar with the main contents of equipment composite control systems and electrical control technology, and understand their typicality, comprehensiveness and complexity. Really master the system troubleshooting skills of typical equipment, and be able to draw inferences when encountering other equipment. When a system failure occurs, it often involves a larger scope. Without mastering the electrical working principle of the equipment, the fault cannot be properly eliminated, or even the fault cannot be eliminated.
3、了解各电气元件在设备的具体位置及线路的布局，实现电气原理图与实际配线的一一对应，是提高故障排除速度的基础。做到这一点，可以对设备有一个进一步的了解，并且在排除故障测量时，能选择有效的测试点，防止误判断，以迅速判断、缩小故障范围。
3. Understand the specific location of each electrical component in the equipment and the layout of the circuits, and achieve one-to-one correspondence between the electrical schematic diagram and the actual wiring, which is the basis for improving the speed of troubleshooting. By doing this, you can have a better understanding of the equipment, and when troubleshooting and measuring, you can select effective test points to prevent misjudgments, so as to quickly judge and narrow the scope of the fault.
免责声明：本文转自网络，版权归原作者所有，如涉及作品版权问题，请及时与我们联系删除，谢谢！
Disclaimer: This article is reproduced from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author. If there is any copyright issue with the work, please contact us in time to delete it. Thank you!
